Which client factor increases the risk for peptic ulcer disease (PUD)?

The use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) is a well-established risk factor for the development of peptic ulcer disease (PUD). NSAIDs can cause damage to the gastric mucosa, which can lead to the formation of ulcers. They inhibit the production of prostaglandins, which are compounds that help protect the gastric lining by promoting mucus and bicarbonate secretion and maintaining blood flow to the stomach. When these protective mechanisms are compromised, the stomach is more susceptible to the damaging effects of gastric acid, resulting in ulcer formation.

In contrast, the other options listed are less directly associated with an increased risk of PUD. Factors such as recent retirement, the presence of a significant other's gastric ulcer, or occasional coffee consumption do not have the same clear relationship with ulcer development as the use of NSAIDs. While stress and certain lifestyle habits may play a role in ulcer disease, they are not as strongly correlated with risk as NSAID use, making it crucial to highlight the significance of medication use in the context of PUD.