In a client showing signs of hepatic encephalopathy due to cirrhosis, what ingredient in the diet should be limited?

In cases of hepatic encephalopathy, particularly when stemming from cirrhosis, the liver's ability to properly metabolize ammonia and other toxins is compromised. A key aspect of managing this condition includes dietary modifications to reduce the levels of toxins in the bloodstream.

Limiting protein intake is essential because protein, particularly in large amounts, can lead to the production of ammonia as metabolic waste. The liver typically converts ammonia into urea for safe excretion. However, in a patient with liver dysfunction, this conversion is impaired, which can contribute to elevated ammonia levels and exacerbate the symptoms of hepatic encephalopathy. By reducing protein consumption, ammonia production can be minimized, helping to manage the neurological and cognitive symptoms associated with this condition.

While calories, minerals, and carbohydrates are also important components of a balanced diet, their restriction is not primary in the management of hepatic encephalopathy like protein restriction is. Maintaining adequate caloric intake is crucial to prevent malnutrition, which can further complicate liver health, while minerals and carbohydrates can usually be consumed in moderation.